Site Execution

  ·          Building mortar is define as a mixture of cement, sand and water. ·          Mortar is similar to concrete but it does not contain coarse aggregate. ·          Mortar are used for filing joints as a binder in stone and brick masonry   Bulking of sand ·          In the case of aggregates there is another effect of the presence of moisture viz. bulking which is an increase in the volume of a given sand particle apart. for a moisture content of about 5-8 % depending upon the   increase of volume may be as much as 20-40% depending upon the grading of sand . ·          Finer the materials more will be the increase in volume for a given moisture content. Classification of mortars ·          Mortars are classified on the basis of ...

  The volume of one 50 kg bag of cement is 34.5 litres   About 19 litres (38%) of water is required to hydrate 50 kg cement in sealed container.   The ordinary Portland cement when tested for its compressive strength at 28 days   according to the method describe by the standard specification, yields a minimum compressive strength of 43N/mm2 is called 43 grade  cement . Too fine cement is susceptible to air set and deteriorates earlier.   The setting time of cement can be controlled by varying the quantity of gypsum in cement. Sometime with the addition of water to cement, a premature set occurs within 5 minutes. This is called false set an is due to  the presence of anhydrous gypsum which is formed due to grinding of gypsum with too hot clinker .this is not to be worried .continuous mixing aggregates , cement and water will break the false set without  harming any property of the concrete .  The ability of cement to mainta...

  Brick:- Basically brick is a type of block which is used for the construction of wall and other building components. Classification of bricks - The brick can broadly be divided into two categories ·          1. Unburnt brick :         T he unburnt or sun dried bricks are dried  with the help of heat received from sun after the        process of moulding .These bricks can only be used in the construction of temporary and     cheap structure.  Such bricks should not be used at places exposed to heavy rains. ·            ·          2 . Burnt bricks- These are classified in four categories. ·         (i) First class Bricks:-   These bricks are table – moulded and of standard shape and they are burnt in kilns.   The surfaces and edges of ...

Here I am going to discuss how to prepare a method statement for construction activities step by step: Content :- In this with we write the content which included in the document serial wise. PURPOSE SCOPE RESPONSIBILITY CONTROLLING SPECIFICATION MATERIAL TOOLS & TACKLES PROCEDURE INSPECTION DOCUMENTATION 1. PURPOSE:- In this we write the purpose of the procedure which includes all activities. 2. SCOPE:- In this we write about the scope of the work, which includes activity name and name of part of construction work. 3. RESPONSIBILITY:- We include the persons who are responsible for the the activity such as project manager, engineer, supervisor. 4. CONTROLLING  SPECIFICATION:- In section we include which standards and specification are used for the activity. 5. MATERIAL:- In this we include the the all kind of materials used for the work with name of material and brand. 6. TOOLS & TACKLES:- In this we include name of the tools and tackles used for the work ...

  Here is the list of some important IS code which used for design of building. 1- IS 456:200   (CODE OF PRACTICE FOR PLAIN AND REINFORCED CONCRETE):- In this IS code we study for PCC (plain cement concrete) & RCC (reinforced cement concrete) Download Link 2- IS 1343 - 1980   ( CODE OF PRACTICE FOR PRESTRESSED CONCRETE:- In this IS code we study about prestressed concrete. Download Link 3- IS 875-1987 (CODE OF PRACTICE FOR DESIGN LOADS):- In these IS codes we find the standard values of loads of different kind of materials, structures, & components of buildings etc. PART 1 PART 2 PART 3 4- IS 800-2007 ( CODE OF PRACTICE FOR GENERAL CONSTRUCTION IN STEEL):- In this IS codes we get the details about the steel structures their joint connections etc.  Download Link 5- IS 1893:1984  (Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures) (Part 1 : General provisions and Buildings):- In this IS codes we learn about the analysis of earthquake resistance str...

 WATERPROOFING OF TOILET AREA:- Surface preparation waterproofing work:- • All surface area should be cleaned up to visible hair cracks / aggregate  texture, cleaning of  RCC member should be done by hacking tool, wire  brush, wire grinder & air blower etc. • All visible cracks & construction joints should be sealed with cement  mortar with additive Conplast WL after making V groove. • All clean & treated area should test for water tightness by flooding water for  minimum 75 mm head for 48 hours. All wet spots, water leak & honeycomb areas should be mark for treatment. It shall be treated with injection grouting with Cebex 100 as additive to be added in grout cement slurry @ dosage of 225 gm. of packet per bag of cement or micro concrete. Waterproofing Treatment:- • Ensure the surface must be damped before application of 2 coat of GS flexi 201 by brush. The first coat shall be applied at the rate 1 kg /m2 with proper brush application ensuri...

  Apparatus: ž   A compression testing machine, the compression plate of which shall have a ball seating in the form of portion of a sphere the center of which coincides with the center of the plate, shall be used. ž   Preconditioning:  Remove unevenness observed in the bed faces to provide two smooth and parallel faces by grinding. Immerse in water at room temperature for 21 hours. Remove the specimen and drain out any surplus moisture at room temperature. Fill the frog ( where provided ) and all voids in the bed face flush with cement mortar ( 1 cement, clean coarse sand of grade 3 mm and down ). Store under the damp jute bags for 24 hours followed by immersion in clean water for 3 days. Remove, and wipe out any traces of moisture. Procedure: Place the specimen with flat faces horizontal, and mortar filled face facing upwards between two 3-ply plywood sheets each of 3 mm thickness and carefully centred between plates of the testing machine. Apply load axially at ...

  GROUTING PROCEDURE OF RETAINING WALL:-   Construction & Honeycomb Treatment:-        Chasing open the joints in ‘’V’’ shape/ ‘’U’’ shape groove of required width and depth as per site conditions. Chasing open the junction of RCC and the masonry surfaces, sealing the groove with repair mortar C:M with Conplast WL equivalent @ 150 ml per bag of cement etc.    The minimum dosage is 125ml and the maximum is 200ml per 50kgs of cement. If maximum dosage is used a minimum of 15% water should be reduced to ensure no loss in strength. The required quantity of Conplast WL is measured and stir into the first or second bucket of water. Conplast WL water mixture shall be added to the concrete or mortar and mixed thoroughly. Mixing shall be continued and further water shall be added until the required work ability is obtained. Grouting:- Cementious Grout:- ·     Providing and applying neat cement slurry grouting (Cebex 100) includ...

  HOW TO PREPARE SURFACE FOR WATERPROOFING :-     All surface area should be cleaned well to make visible of hair cracks / aggregate texture and opened the all the joints and construction joints.   Cleaning of RCC member should be done by hacking tool, wire brush, wire grinder & air blower etc. Make sure all kind of dust particles, oil & grease should be removed properly  ·          All visible cracks & construction joints should be sealed with cement mortar with additive Conplast  WL after making V groove.             All clean & treated area should test for water tightness by flooding water for minimum 75 mm head for 48 hours.     All wet spots, water leak & honeycomb areas should be mark for treatment. It shall be treated with        injection grouting with Cebex 100 as additive to be added in grout cement slurry @ dosage of ...

Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Testing is non destructive technique which is used to check the quality of Concrete, In this method of testing we identify internal cracks, voids, strength and compaction quality of the concrete structure.  In this method we find out the velocity of pulse inside the concrete.   The higher velocity shows the good quality and lower velocity shows the bad quality of Concrete.     Velocity can be calculated by formula:-  (V)  =   Distance b/w trns. & rcvr. (L)    /                     Reading of machine or time take                                      by pulse (t) There are three methods of Ultrasonic pulse velocity technique.   1:- Direct Method 2:- Semi Direct Method  3:- Indirect Method 1:- Direct Method:-   This method is m...

Cement:-  Cement is a building material, which is used as a binding material in construction work. It has cohesive and adhesive properties. Types of Cement   Pozzulana Cemen White Cement White Cement Quick Setting Cement Rapid hardening Of Cement Low Heat Cement  Expanding Cement High Alumina Cement Blast Furnace Cement Acid Resistant Cement Sulphate Resistant Cement Fly ash blended Cement 1:-  Pozzulana Cement :  Pozzulana is a volcanic power found in Italy. It can be processed from shales and certain types of clay also. In this cement pozzulana material is 10 to 30 per cent. It can resist action of sulphate. It releases less heat during setting. It imparts higher degree of water tightness. Its tensile strength is high but compressive strength is low. It is used for mass concrete works. It is also used in sewage line works.   2:-    White Cement :  The cement when made free from colouring oxides of iron, maganese and chloriu...

A bridge  is a man made structure built to avoid physical obstacles without closing the way underneath such as a valley,  body of water, or road, for the purpose of providing passage over the obstacle, usually something that can be detrimental to cross otherwise. Types of Bridges:-    There are basically five types of Bridges. 1:- Suspension Bridge 2:- Cable Stayed Bridge 3:- Beam Bridge 4:- Truss Bridge 5:- Arch Bridge   1:- Suspension Bridge:-  A suspension bridge is one of the most popular bridge designs. It features a cable support system that distributes the weight of the bridge deck between the two towers. The tension forces in the cables are converted to compression forces in the piers that then extends all the way to the ground. 2:- Cable Stayed Bridge:- Basically cable stayed bridge is a bridge that consist of one or more than one pillar with cables supporting roadbed. 3:- Beam Bridge:-   A beam bridge consists of ...

 Hello guys,                 In this video I am going to explain you about green building basic concepts, advantage and disadvantage of green building, how green building works.

Civil engineering  is a professional engineering in which we deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including works such as roads, buildings, bridges, tunnel, canals, dams, airports, sewerage systems etc.  A Building  is permanent or temporary structure enclosed within exterior walls and a roof, and including all attached apparatus, equipment, and fixtures that cannot be removed without cutting into ceiling, floors, or walls A road  is a long piece of hard ground which is built between two places so that people can drive or ride easily from one place to the other. A bridge  is a man made structure built to avoid physical obstacles without closing the way underneath such as a body of water, valley, or road, for the purpose of providing passage over the obstacle, usually something that can be detrimental to cross otherwise. A canal  is a manmade wate...