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  Apparatus: ž   A compression testing machine, the compression plate of which shall have a ball seating in the form of portion of a sphere the center of which coincides with the center of the plate, shall be used. ž   Preconditioning:  Remove unevenness observed in the bed faces to provide two smooth and parallel faces by grinding. Immerse in water at room temperature for 21 hours. Remove the specimen and drain out any surplus moisture at room temperature. Fill the frog ( where provided ) and all voids in the bed face flush with cement mortar ( 1 cement, clean coarse sand of grade 3 mm and down ). Store under the damp jute bags for 24 hours followed by immersion in clean water for 3 days. Remove, and wipe out any traces of moisture. Procedure: Place the specimen with flat faces horizontal, and mortar filled face facing upwards between two 3-ply plywood sheets each of 3 mm thickness and carefully centred between plates of the testing machine. Apply load axially at ...

 Hello guys,                 In this video I am going to explain you about green building basic concepts, advantage and disadvantage of green building, how green building works.

Causes of Dampness in buildings:- Dampness generally caused by: - (a) Under Ground water (b) Rain water and (c) Leakages from plumbing pipes (a) Dampness due to Under Ground  Water:   Buildings are constructed on soils. Soil holds water for a long time. Sometimes water level may rise and come in contact with foundation. Due to capillary action moisture from ground rises into foundation, floor and even in wall. (b) Rain Water:  Entering in the building components due to various reasons. (i) From wall top:  If top of wall is not protected with impervious course like concrete, water can enter the wall and keep it damp for a long time. (ii) From face of external walls:  Splashing of outer wall by rain results into moisture entering the wall. Poor plaster coat is the main source of this type of dampness.  (iii) Improper fixing of downtake pipes:  If downtake pipes from roof are not properly fixed, a thin layer of water stagnates near the mo...